Basic Data Types

Python basic data types include:

• Integer: Numbers without decimal points.
• Float: Numbers with decimal points.
• String: A sequence of characters enclosed in single quotes or double quotes.
• Boolean: Represents True or False.
• None: Represents empty value.

Task

Define 5 variables to represent a person's payslip, including: name, month, salary, whether they have perfect attendance, and project team.

JavaScript implementation

let name = 'Bob' // string
let month = 12 // number
let salary = 10000.12 // number
let isPerfectAttendance = true // boolean
let team = null // null
console.log(typeof name) // Get the type of the variable

Python implementation

name = 'Bob' # str
month = 12 # int
salary = 10000.12 # float
is_perfect_attendance = True # bool
team = None # None
print(type(name)) # Get the type of the variable

Code Highlight

• Python has two types of number types, int for integers and float for floating-point numbers, while JavaScript uses the number type for both integers and floating-point numbers.
• Python uses None to represent empty, while JavaScript uses null.
• Python does not have a type similar to JavaScript's undefined.
• Python uses the built-in function type() to get the variable type, while JavaScript uses the typeof keyword.

Difference Quick View

Type	JavaScript	Python
Integer	let myInt = 10; let myInt = Number(10);	my_int = 10
Float	let myFloat = 3.14; let myFloat = Number(3.14);	my_float = 3.14
String	let myStr = "Hello World";	my_str = "Hello World"
Boolean	let myBool = true; let myBool = false;	my_bool = True bool_val = False
None	let myNull = null;	my_none = None

String is one of the most widely used data types in programming languages, mastering them can greatly simplify programming. Here are the common string APIs in JavaScript and Python:

Method	JavaScript	Python
Get length	myStr.length	len(my_str)
Concatenate	myStr1 + myStr2	my_str1 + my_str2
Slice	myStr.slice(start, end)	my_str[start:end]
Find	myStr.indexOf(substring)	my_str.index(substring)
Replace	myStr.replace(old, new)	my_str.replace(old, new)
Split	myStr.split(separator)	my_str.split(separator)
Convert to uppercase and lowercase	myStr.toUpperCase() myStr.toLowerCase()	my_str.upper() my_str.lower()
Reverse	myStr.split('').reverse().join('')	my_str[::-1]
Count occurrences of a substring	myStr.split(substring).length - 1	my_str.count(substring)
Check if a string starts with a specified character(s)	myStr.startsWith(prefix)	my_str.startswith(prefix)
Check if a string ends with a specified character(s)	myStr.endsWith(suffix)	my_str.endswith(suffix)
Trim whitespace from both ends of a string	myStr.trim()	my_str.strip()
Center align a string with a specified width	-	my_str.center(width)
Capitalize the first letter of the first word	myStr.replace(myStr[0], myStr[0].toUpperCase())	my_str.capitalize()
Capitalize the first letter of each word	myStr.replace(/(^\w{1})|(\s+\w{1})/g, s => s.toUpperCase())	my_str.title()

Resources

• https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html